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Tor Metrics
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Users

We estimate the number of users by analyzing the requests induced by clients to relays and bridges.

  • Relay users
  • Bridge users by country
  • Bridge users by transport
  • Bridge users by country and transport
  • Bridge users by IP version
  • BridgeDB requests by requested transport
  • BridgeDB requests by distributor
  • Top-10 countries by relay users
  • Top-10 countries by possible censorship events
  • Top-10 countries by bridge users
  • “The anonymous Internet”
Relay users graph

This graph shows the estimated number of directly-connecting clients; that is, it excludes clients connecting via bridges. These estimates are derived from the number of directory requests counted on directory authorities and mirrors. Relays resolve client IP addresses to country codes, so that graphs are available for most countries. Furthermore, it is possible to display indications of censorship events as obtained from an anomaly-based censorship-detection system (for more details, see this technical report). For further details check the documentation on Reproducible Metrics.

Download graph as PNG or PDF.

Download data as CSV.

Learn more about the CSV data format or how to reproduce the graph data.

Related events

The following events have been manually collected in the metrics-timeline Git repository and might be related to the displayed graph.

Dates Places/Protocols Description and Links
2018-01-08 ipv4 ipv6 geoip and geoip6 databases updated to "January 5 2018 Maxmind GeoLite2 Country" (geoip-db-digest ACE2AF82816B9D3F58FC9C79A41B4506D6DAD713, geoip6-db-digest 387B3F555F1E054F0F9971C726F49848C5B5CF8B).
commit
2018-01-05 to present Outage of the op-hk OnionPerf instance.
op-hk graph
2017-12-21 Release of tor 0.3.2.8-rc, intended to fix the KIST bug that enabled a DoS on relays by running them out of memory.
announcement ticket
2017-12-20 ipv4 ipv6 geoip and geoip6 databases updated to "December 6 2017 Maxmind GeoLite2 Country" (geoip-db-digest 1D486694A710145631B295CC39ECC5682F75858C, geoip6-db-digest F33231CAC761A71F7C19273DB1E11CEE01E2D982).
commit
2017-12-16 to 2017-12-17 Bridges Unknown Drop in the number of measured bridges.
graph mailing list post
2017-12-12 to 2018-01-18 meek Outage of the meek.bamsoftware.com (unthrottled for public use), meek.bamsoftware.com:7443 (former meek-azure, now unused), and gaeuploader.meek.bamsoftware.com (used by GAEuploader) bridges.
2017-12-09 <OR> ipv6 Relays Release of Tor Browser 7.0.11, containing tor 0.3.1.9, which adds an IPv6 address for the bridge authority bastet.
blog post
2017-12-09 <OR> ipv6 Relays Release of Tor Browser 7.5a9, containing tor 0.3.2.6-alpha, which adds an IPv6 address for the bridge authority bastet.
blog post
2017-12-08 to 2017-12-11 Bridges The bridge authority was down for unknown reasons.
graph mailing list post
2017-12-04 to present DDoS attack creates load on the network.
tor-relays thread relay graph summary post ticket
2017-12-01 <OR> ipv6 Relays Release of tor 0.2.8.17, 0.2.9.14, 0.3.0.13, 0.3.1.9, and 0.3.2.6-alpha, which add an IPv6 address for the bridge authority bastet.
ticket blog post
2017-11-15 <OR> Relays Release of Tor Browser 7.5a8, containing tor 0.3.2.4-alpha, which adds a new directory authority bastet, and changes the IP address of the directory authority Longclaw.
blog post
2017-11-15 meek Outage of meek-amazon bridge.
ticket
2017-11-14 <OR> Relays Release of Tor Browser 7.0.10, containing tor 0.3.1.8, which adds a new directory authority bastet, and changes the IP address of the directory authority Longclaw.
blog post
2017-11-11 to 2017-11-12 Outage of the op-hk OnionPerf instance.
op-hk graph
2017-11-10 ipv4 ipv6 geoip and geoip6 databases updated to "November 6 2017 Maxmind GeoLite2 Country" (geoip-db-digest E3C910F3B2A6C916C7BE33A943091EF57048B72C, geoip6-db-digest E8BD5B2E6554C27F718F1222667C09680D75F799).
commit
2017-11-01 meek Turned off the old meek-amazon CDN endpoint d2zfqthxsdq309.cloudfront.net.
mailing list post
2017-10-25 <OR> Relays Release of tor 0.2.5.15, 0.2.8.16, 0.2.9.13, 0.3.0.12, and 0.3.1.8, which add a new directory authority bastet, and change the IP address of the directory authority Longclaw.
blog post Bastet blog post bastet ticket Longclaw ticket
2017-10-14 snowflake Activated client IP address statistics on the Snowflake server and standalone proxies.
comment
2017-10-07 to 2017-12-20 Romania <OR> Relays Unknown Surge of relay users in Romania, from 10k to around 90k, which later subsided.
graph metrics-team thread
2017-10-05 ipv4 ipv6 geoip and geoip6 databases updated to "October 4 2017 Maxmind GeoLite2 Country" (geoip-db-digest 3A59213E5CFEE380F544B72DC1105366C6BD1CDE, geoip6-db-digest 1B8C975E5C62CF0FB5B4E598AE27B7189952BB09).
commit
2017-10-04 fte Permanent hardware failure of default FTE bridge 128.105.214.161:8080.
comment
2017-09-15 to 2017-10-12 Outage of the op-hk OnionPerf instance. Reported timeouts on the tor network increased, download speed improved.
mailing list post torperf graph torperf-failures graph op-hk graph
2017-09-15 to 2017-09-16 Bridges The bridge authority was down due to an issue with its offline master key.
graph mailing list post
2017-09-14 to 2017-09-16 Bridges Outage of the bridge authority Bifroest.
2017-09-07 ipv4 ipv6 geoip and geoip6 databases updated to "September 6 2017 Maxmind GeoLite2 Country" (geoip-db-digest 0CE9EA8882EDED265451C36B49AE7BBB06A11C16, geoip6-db-digest C4573496EBD1CC335843067107DA49E482568FF6).
commit
2017-09-02 to 2017-09-21 obfs4 Unknown About a 35% increase in obfs4 users before returning to normal. Happened in many countries. Other transports do not have it.
graph
2017-09-01 to 2017-09-20 obfs4 A flood of over 4,000 obfs4 bridges nicknamed "Machiavelli".
graph of number of bridges tor-relays post metrics-team thread tweet
2017-08-14 to 2017-08-15 Bridges Outage of the bridge authority Bifroest.
mailing list post mailing list post graph
2017-08-14 ipv6 obfs4 Unknown Jump in IPv6 users of the Lisbeth default obfs4 bridge.
comment
2017-08-10 to 2017-08-11 Outage of the op-hk OnionPerf instance. Reported timeouts on the tor network increased, download speed improved.
torperf graph torperf-failures graph op-hk graph
2017-07-31 to 2017-10-07 Romania <OR> Relays Unknown Increase of relay users in Romania, from 10k to 40k. Bridge users not affected. Stopped at the same time as increases in the Netherlands, Lithuania, and the Seychelles. Another increase began immediately after.
relay graph post suggesting link to 2× dirauth bandwidth
2017-07-31 to 2017-08-28 Unknown Directory authorities using 2× bandwidth.
mailing list post for start mailing list post for end post suggesting link to nl, ro, lt, sc increases
2017-07-29 to 2017-08-17 meek Outage of meek-amazon bridge, caused by an expired certificate.
Relay Search expired certificate new certificate
2017-04-14 to 2017-08-20 <OR> Directory authority maatuska's bwscanner stops operating, leading to a drop in traffic on some relays.
tor-consensus-health post about start tor-consensus-health post about end tor-dev thread analysis

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This material is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CNS-0959138. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. "Tor" and the "Onion Logo" are registered trademarks of The Tor Project, Inc.. Data on this site is freely available under a CC0 no copyright declaration: To the extent possible under law, the Tor Project has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights in the data. Graphs are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License.